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Haloferax volcanii
In taxonomy, ''Haloferax volcanii'' is a species of organism in the genus ''Haloferax'' in the Archaea.
== Description and significance ==
Microbiologist Benjamin Elazari Volcani first discovered Haloferax volcanii, a self-named extremophile, in the 1930s. H.volcanii is a halophile and a mesophile, and isolated in high-saline environments, most commonly the Dead Sea, the Great Salt Lake, and oceanic environments with high sodium chloride concentrates. Haloferax volcanii is noteworthy because it can be cultured without much difficulty, rare for an extremophile. H. volcanii is chemoorganotrophic, metabolizing sugars as a carbon source.〔Oren, A. "The Order Halobacteriales." The Prokaryotes: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria. 3rd ed. New York: Springer. 2006. pp. 113-164.〕 It is primarily aerobic, but is capable of anaerobic respiration under anoxic conditions.〔Zaigler, A., Schuster, S.C., and Soppa, J. "Construction and usage of a onefold-coverage shotgun DNA microarray to characterize the metabolism of the archaeon Haloferax volcanii." Molecular Microbiology. 2003. Volume 48, Issue 4, pp. 1089–1105.〕 Recently an isolate of this species was studied by researchers at University of California, Berkeley, as part of a project on the survival of haloarchaea on Mars.
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